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Termites are found on all continents except Antarctica. The diversity of termite species is reduced in North America and Europe (10 species known in Europe and 50 in North America), but is high in South America, where over 400 species have been known.34 Of the 3,000 termite species currently classified, 1,000 are found in Africa, where mounds are extremely abundant in certain regions.

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Within China, termite species are limited to moderate tropical and subtropical habitats south of the Yangtze River.34 In Australia, all ecological groups of termites (dampwood, drywood, subterranean) are endemic to the country, with over 360 categorized species.34.

As a result of their soft cuticles, termites do not inhabit cool or cold habitats.36 There are three environmental groups of termites: dampwood, drywood and subterranean. Dampwood termites are found only in coniferous forests, and drywood termites are found in hardwood forests; subterranean termites live in widely diverse regions.34 One species in the drywood category is that the West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes brevis), which is an invasive species in Australia.37.

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Termites are generally small, measuring between 4 to 15 millimetres (0.16 to 0.59 in) in length.34 The largest of extant termites are the queens of those species Macrotermes bellicosus, measuring up to over 10 centimetres (4 in) in length.38 Another giant termite, the extinct Gyatermes styriensis, flourished in Austria during the Miocene and had a wingspan of 76 millimetres (3.0 in) and a body length of 25 millimetres (0.98 in).39note 1. )

Most worker and soldier termites are completely blind as they do not have a set of eyes. But some species, like Hodotermes mossambicus, have compound eyes which they use for orientation and also to distinguish sunlight from moonlight.40 The alates (winged males and females) have eyes along with lateral ocelli.

Termite antennae have a number of functions like the sensing of touch, taste, odours (including pheromones), heat and vibration. The three basic segments of a termite antenna include a scape, a pedicel (usually shorter than the scape), and the flagellum (all segments beyond the scape and pedicel). The mouth parts contain a maxillae, a labium, and a pair of mandibles.

Consistent with insects, the anatomy of the termite thorax consists of three segments: the prothorax, the mesothorax and the metathorax. Each segment Related Site contains a set of legs. On alates, the wings are located at the mesothorax and metathorax. The mesothorax and metathorax have well-developed exoskeletal plates; the prothorax has smaller plates. .

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Termites have a ten-segmented abdomen with two plates, the tergites and the sternites. The tenth abdominal segment has a set of short cerci.45 There are ten tergites, of which nine are wide and one is elongated. The reproductive organs are similar to those in cockroaches but are somewhat more simplified. By way of example, the intromittent organ is not present in penile alates, and the sperm is either immotile or aflagellate.

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Unlike in other termites, Mastotermitidae females have an ovipositor, a feature strikingly like this in female cockroaches.48.

The non-reproductive castes of thieves are wingless view website and rely exclusively on their six legs for locomotion. The alates fly only for a brief amount of time, so they also rely on their own legs. The appearance of the legs is comparable in each and every caste, but the soldiers have bigger and heavier legs.

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The number of tibial spurs on an individual's leg fluctuates. Some species you could try these out of termite have an arolium, found between the claws, which is present in species that scale on smooth surfaces but is absent in most termites.49.

Unlike in ants, the hind-wings and fore-wings are of equivalent length.2 Most of the time, the alates are poor flyers; their technique would be to launch themselves in the atmosphere and fly in a random direction. Studies indicate that in comparison to bigger termites, smaller termites cannot fly long distances. When a termite is in flight, its wings remain in a right angle, and when the termite is at rest, its wings remain parallel to your own body.51.

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Caste system of termites A King B Queen C Secondary queen D Tertiary queen Soccer Soldiers F Worker

Worker termites undertake the maximum labour within the colony, being responsible for foraging, food storage, and brood and nest maintenance.53 Employees are tasked with the digestion of cellulose in food and are consequently the most likely caste to be found in infested wood. The procedure for worker termites feeding other nestmates is popularly known as trophallaxis.

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Some termite species do not have a true worker caste, instead relying on nymphs that do the same job without differentiating as a distinct caste.53.

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